AFRICAN COUNTRIES WITH THE HIGHEST RATE OF UNEMPLOYMENT

 The purpose of this article is to highlight the level of unemployment in Africa and show the African countries that are mostly affected. Unemployment can be defined as an economic condition in which individuals that are actively seeking jobs are un-hired while unemployment rate is the number of unemployed persons divided by the total labour force.
                      
  International labour organization (ILO)  recently released report on unemployment showed that in 2015 alone 197.1 million people in the world were unemployed and is expected to rise by 2.3 million people next year.
   Unemployment rate in Africa is around 8 percent. Recent surveys shows that unemployment rate is getting high in oil producing countries in Africa due to drop in oil prices. The ILO report also showed that job quality in Africa is still very low and that vulnerable employment in sub saharan Africa alone stands at 70 percent.
   Furthermore, the high level of unemployment in Africa is as a result of slow economic growth, drop in oil prices, political instability, lack of coherent economic plan etc.
    Method for calculating unemployment rate in Africa and in the world varies. For example, some African countries measure the full labour force while some countries might survey a sample of the labour force. During surveys, some countries include those on welfare receipts, disabled people and permanently unemployed people as unemployed.Some even go to the extent of counting students as unemployed.
   To get a more vivid picture of unemployment in Africa, We are going to use the International Labour Organization harmonized values. The ILO's harmonized values defines those who are currently not working but are able, willing to work for pay, currently available to work and have searched for work as unemployed.
  African countries with the highest level of unemployment include:

  1. ZIMBABWE : The southern African country has the highest rate of unemployment in Africa. Recent surveys shows that 80 percent of the country's full labour force is currently unemployed. Economic growth has declined in the country since year 2000 coupled with crippling western sanctions and hyper inflation has contributed to the soaring unemployment rate in the country. 
  2. MOZAMBIQUE:The country is among the poorest countries in the world with an unemployment rate of 60 percent. Some of the reasons for the high unemployment rate includes: very high level of corruption in the public sector and poor implementation of economic policies. 
  3. DJIBOUTI:The country has the same level of unemployment with Mozambique at 60 percent. Some of the reasons include slow economic growth and corruption. 
  4. LESOTHO: The southern African country has an unemployment rate of 42.7 percent. The global economic meltdown of 2008 hit the countries export market.
  5. KENYA:The unemployment rate in the East African country was around 42.0 according to recent surveys. 


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